Why Does My Hair Fall Out When I Comb It?

Question: Why does my hair fall out when I comb it? Answer: Your hair can fall out when you are combing it due to different reasons. Read on to find out the reasons.

Hair is an integral part of our identity and appearance, and losing it can be a cause of concern for many individuals. While some hair fall is normal and part of the natural hair growth cycle, excessive hair loss when combing can be distressing.

Understanding the reasons behind this phenomenon is crucial for maintaining healthy hair and seeking appropriate remedies. In this article, we will delve into the causes of hair fall when combing, the significance of recognizing abnormal hair loss, and effective prevention and treatment strategies.

Hair Anatomy and Growth Cycle

Hair Anatomy

Hair is a complex structure with a composition of proteins, primarily keratin, which is responsible for its strength and flexibility. Each hair strand is made up of three layers:

1. Cuticle

The outermost layer of the hair, consisting of overlapping, protective scales. The cuticle shields the inner layers of the hair from damage and plays a significant role in maintaining hair strength and shine.

2. Cortex

The middle layer, which makes up the majority of the hair’s structure. The cortex contains the natural pigment that gives hair its color. It also provides the hair’s elasticity, strength, and texture.

3. Medulla

The innermost layer, which is composed of loosely packed cells and is often absent in fine hair. The function of the medulla is not entirely clear, but it may contribute to the hair’s overall strength and structure.

The structure of the hair follicle, located beneath the scalp, is equally crucial in understanding the hair growth cycle.

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Hair Growth Cycle

The hair growth cycle consists of three distinct phases that dictate the life cycle of an individual hair strand:

1. Anagen Phase (Growth Phase)

The anagen phase is the active growth phase of the hair and can last anywhere from two to six years, depending on factors like genetics and age. During this stage, cells in the hair bulb divide rapidly, forming new hair cells. These cells are then keratinized, and the hair strand grows out from the scalp.

The anagen phase determines the ultimate length of a person’s hair, and roughly 85-90% of scalp hairs are in this phase at any given time.

2. Catagen Phase (Transitional Phase)

The catagen phase is a brief transitional stage that lasts for about two to three weeks. During this period, the hair follicle shrinks, cutting off blood supply to the hair shaft. As a result, the hair stops growing and becomes disconnected from the blood supply, preparing for the next phase.

3. Telogen Phase (Resting Phase)

The telogen phase is a resting period that lasts for approximately two to four months. Around 10-15% of hairs are in this phase at any given time. During telogen, the hair remains in the follicle but is no longer actively growing.

After the resting phase, the hair follicle re-enters the anagen phase, and the cycle starts anew as the old hair is pushed out, and a new hair begins to grow.

It’s important to note that each hair follicle operates independently of others, which means not all hairs are at the same stage of the growth cycle simultaneously. This variation in the growth cycle is why we naturally shed a certain amount of hair each day without experiencing noticeable thinning.

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Factors Affecting Hair Growth Cycle

Several factors can influence the hair growth cycle, leading to variations in hair growth and shedding patterns:

1. Genetics

Hair growth patterns, hair texture, and susceptibility to hair loss are often hereditary. Some families may have a predisposition to early hair loss (androgenetic alopecia), while others may have more extended growth cycles and thicker hair.

2. Age

As people age, the anagen phase may become shorter, leading to slower hair growth and increased shedding. This natural aging process can result in thinner hair over time.

3. Hormones

Hormonal changes significantly impact the hair growth cycle. Androgens, male hormones present in both men and women, can shorten the anagen phase and accelerate hair loss in individuals genetically susceptible to androgenetic alopecia.

4. Health and Nutrition

Poor nutrition, stress, and certain medical conditions can disrupt the hair growth cycle, leading to temporary or permanent hair loss.

5. Environmental and Styling Factors

Excessive use of heat-styling tools, chemical treatments, and tight hairstyles can damage the hair shaft and contribute to hair breakage and shedding.

Understanding the anatomy of hair and the intricacies of the hair growth cycle is essential for maintaining healthy, vibrant hair. The growth cycle, consisting of the anagen, catagen, and telogen phases, determines the length and thickness of our hair and regulates the natural shedding process.

Genetics, age, hormones, health, nutrition, and lifestyle factors all play vital roles in the functioning of the hair growth cycle.

By adopting proper hair care practices, managing stress, and maintaining a balanced lifestyle, we can promote healthy hair growth and minimize hair fall, ensuring our crowning glory remains in its best possible condition.

Why Does My Hair Fall Out When I Comb It?

1. Physical Stress

• Traction on the hair: Excessive force while combing, especially when the hair is wet or tangled, can lead to hair breakage and fall.
• Improper combing techniques: Using a fine-toothed comb on wet hair or combing too vigorously can damage the hair shaft and cause hair fall.

2. Hair Shaft Damage

• Weak hair shaft due to excessive styling: Frequent use of heat styling tools, chemical treatments, and tight hairstyles can weaken the hair shaft, making it prone to breakage.
• Split ends and breakage: Neglecting regular haircuts and maintenance can result in split ends, which can travel up the hair shaft and cause hair breakage.

3. Underlying Scalp Conditions

• Dandruff and dry scalp: Dandruff, often caused by a fungal infection, can lead to scalp irritation and excessive shedding of dead skin cells and hair.
• Scalp infections: Bacterial or fungal infections can inflame the scalp, leading to hair fall.
• Psoriasis and eczema: Chronic skin conditions like psoriasis and eczema can affect the scalp and disrupt the hair growth cycle.

4. Nutritional Deficiencies

• Lack of essential vitamins and minerals: Nutrients like vitamin A, B-complex vitamins, biotin, iron, and zinc are essential for healthy hair growth. Deficiencies in these nutrients can contribute to hair fall.
• Protein deficiency: Hair is primarily made of a protein called keratin. Insufficient protein intake can lead to weak and brittle hair, resulting in hair fall.

5. Hormonal Imbalances

• Androgenetic alopecia (male/female pattern baldness): Hormonal changes can trigger a hereditary condition known as androgenetic alopecia, leading to gradual hair thinning and loss.
• Hormonal changes during pregnancy and postpartum: Fluctuations in hormones during pregnancy and after childbirth can cause temporary hair shedding.

6. Medical Conditions and Medication

• Thyroid disorders: An underactive or overactive thyroid gland can disrupt the hair growth cycle and lead to hair fall.
• Autoimmune diseases: Conditions like alopecia areata, where the immune system attacks hair follicles, can cause patchy hair loss.
• Side effects of certain medications: Some medications, such as chemotherapy drugs, antidepressants, and blood thinners, can cause hair loss as a side effect.

Recognizing Abnormal Hair Loss

It is essential to differentiate between normal shedding and excessive hair fall. On average, individuals lose around 50 to 100 hairs per day as part of the natural hair growth cycle. However, if you notice a significant increase in hair fall or observe thinning areas or bald patches on the scalp, it may indicate abnormal hair loss.

If you have concerns about your hair loss, consider the following factors:

1. Daily hair fall

Monitor how much hair you lose daily while combing or washing. If the amount seems excessive, it is worth investigating further.

2. Pattern of hair loss

Pay attention to the pattern of hair loss. For example, androgenetic alopecia typically follows a specific pattern, while other conditions may cause patchy or diffuse hair loss.

3. Family history

If you have a family history of hair loss, you may be genetically predisposed to certain conditions like male or female pattern baldness.

4. Duration of hair fall

Sudden hair loss that persists for an extended period may warrant medical attention.

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Seeking Professional Advice and Diagnosis

If you experience persistent or severe hair fall, it is essential to seek the expertise of a dermatologist or a hair specialist. They can conduct a thorough examination of your scalp and hair and may perform blood tests to identify any underlying medical conditions or nutritional deficiencies. Getting a timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment.

Prevention and Care Tips

1. Adopting a gentle combing routine

• Use a wide-toothed comb to detangle wet hair gently.
• Avoid combing hair when it is too dry or brittle.
• Start combing from the ends and work your way up to prevent tugging on the hair.

2. Choosing the right comb or brush

• Opt for combs or brushes made of gentle materials like wood or soft bristles.
• Avoid sharp-edged combs that can damage the hair shaft.

3. Hair care practices to minimize hair fall

• Limit the use of heat styling tools.
• Avoid tight hairstyles that cause tension on the hair.
• Use hair products that are suitable for your hair type and free from harsh chemicals.

4. Maintaining a balanced diet for healthy hair

• Consume a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and whole grains.
• Ensure you are getting sufficient nutrients, including vitamins and minerals essential for hair health.

5. Managing stress and lifestyle factors

• Chronic stress can contribute to hair fall. Engage in relaxation techniques like yoga, meditation, or exercise to manage stress levels.
• Get enough sleep to support overall health and hair growth.

When to Consult a Dermatologist

If you experience persistent and excessive hair loss, sudden onset of hair fall, or have a family history of hair loss, it’s essential to seek professional advice. A dermatologist or a trichologist can evaluate your hair and scalp health, identify potential underlying causes, and recommend appropriate treatments.

Treatment Options

The treatment for hair fall during combing depends on the underlying cause. Some common treatment options include:

1. Over-the-Counter Remedies: There are various shampoos, conditioners, and serums formulated to strengthen hair and reduce breakage. Look for products that contain biotin, keratin, or essential oils like rosemary and lavender.
2. Prescription Medications: In cases of hormonal imbalances or certain medical conditions, doctors may prescribe medications such as minoxidil or finasteride to promote hair growth and slow down hair loss.
3. Hair Growth Treatments: Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) treatments are non-invasive procedures that can stimulate hair follicles and encourage hair regrowth.
4. Cosmetic Procedures: Hair transplant surgery is an option for individuals with advanced hair loss. During this procedure, hair follicles are transplanted from one area of the scalp to the thinning or balding areas.

Conclusion

Hair fall during combing can be a disheartening experience. However. with a comprehensive understanding of the causes and proper hair care practices, it is possible to minimize and prevent hair loss. Recognizing the signs of abnormal hair fall and seeking professional advice when needed can lead to timely interventions and improved hair health.

Remember that a holistic approach, including a balanced diet, stress management, and gentle hair care routines, is essential for maintaining healthy and beautiful hair throughout life.